Dyes and pigments are colorants extensively used in the printing, textile, and automotive industries. Dyes are ionizing and aromatic compounds that show affinity towards the surface they are applied to. Color modifiers such as methyl and ethyl groups are used…
Polyurethane-based adhesives are used in bonding solid and relatively inflexible substances and provides high UV resistance. Polyurethane polymers are formed by the reaction of isocyanate and a polyol. Both isocyanates and polyols used in the process contain two or more…
Aluminum is found in nature in the form of aluminum sulfates and can also be produced from bauxite, which comprises various elements such as aluminum hydroxide, silicon, titanium, sulfur, gallium, vanadium oxides, chromium, iron, sulfuric calcium, and magnesium carbonates, among…
Asphalt additives are chemicals or substances that are added to asphalt to modify the final outcome of asphalt binder. Asphalt additives are materials that enhance the adhesive force between aggregates and asphalt cements preventing cracking, unraveling and deformation. Asphalt additives…
Liquid packaging cartons are mainly used to package the beverages and dairy products to ensure proper preservation, convenience, and others provide protection from damage. They are mostly made up of paperboard and aluminum and plastic products. These containers enable safe and easy…
Salicylic acid is an organic white crystalline solid which is highly soluble in water. It is derived from the metabolism of Salicin, which is an anti-inflammatory agent extracted from willow bark. Salicylic acid is produced naturally from certain plants and…
Shotcrete is a technique used to pneumatically spray concrete through a hose at high velocity onto the surface. Factors such as growing underground construction activities such as tunneling and mining activities and rampant growth in infrastructure development are factors expected…
Epoxy curing agents are used to obtain optimum performance characteristics of epoxy resins by crosslinking with them. The selection of curing agents is totally dependent upon the process and end user requirements. Handling characteristics such as viscosity, pot life, gel…
Fiber reinforced composites finds its application in various fields of engineering such as automotive, aerospace, and defense industries. Various advancements in technology, have led to development of lightweight composites with high tensile strength. Carbon fiber reinforced plastic, also referred to…
Microspheres, also referred to as microparticles are small spherical particles, which have diameters ranging from one to thousand micrometers. Microspheres are powders that are biodegradable in nature and are manufactured from various synthetic and natural materials such as polymer microspheres,…
